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How does video conferencing work

Video conferencing is quickly becoming such a valuable tool for small and big businesses. It allows people who are from different locations to communicate in real-time using video and audio. It is also a way for virtual teams to interact in a more personal way as opposed to just doing conference calls.

Basic types of video conferences

• A point-to-point video conference takes place between individuals in two separate locations. This is used mostly for personal video phone calls.
  • It involves using individuals IP addresses to directly connect the two users. This is the most common form for home users. It is also used as a form of video phone.
  • Utilizing a web cam and microphone that are connected to each computer allows each caller to see and talk to each other.
• A multi-point video conference on the other hand involves interaction between individuals located in three or more different locations. It several set-up variations depending on how big or small the groups are; also taking into consideration and the amount of budget allowed to spend.
  The first method uses a multi-point bridge also known as MCU (Multi-Connector Unit). The MCU is set up either as a standalone computer or server to where three or more users can connect.
  The second method is employed by using a room system wherein multiple cameras and microphones are used inside a bigger conference room for larger groups.
  The third utilizes a roll-about system which uses a cart with microphone, camera and codec all in one place. This is ideal for smaller groups and can be moved from room to room since it is portable.

Input/output in the process?

• Video input can either be a web cam or video camera. You would need at least one for each location.
• A television or computer can be used as video outputs.
• Microphones re used as audio input. Each location should have at least one microphone. In bigger conferences, there may be multiple microphones or one microphone that is shared and passed around.
• Audio outputs are speakers either built-into or hooked up to a computer or television.

How is data transmitted?

• Video conferencing is transmitted either via the internet connection through an ISP (Internet Service Provider) or via broadband connection.
• A WiFi connection can also be used as well as radio or satellite frequencies.
• The use of data compression software is also necessary in order to not have any sluggish connection caused by the large amount of space that is being used by the video and audio data over the network.